Trabeculectomy is a surgical procedure designed to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma, particularly when other treatments have failed to achieve adequate control. This surgical approach can be crucial in preserving visual function by managing the progression of glaucoma. If you’d like to learn more about this treatment option, here’s an overview.
What Is Trabeculectomy?
Trabeculectomy, often called filtering surgery, involves creating a new drainage pathway for the aqueous humor, the fluid inside the eye. This procedure targets the trabecular meshwork—where fluid drainage from the eye naturally occurs but is typically impeded in patients with glaucoma.
During the surgery, the ophthalmologist removes a small piece of tissue from the eye’s drainage angle, creating an opening. This opening is covered with a flap of scleral tissue, the white part of the eye, and partially stitched closed to allow fluid to escape at a controlled rate. The fluid then collects in a reservoir called a bleb, usually concealed under the upper eyelid, from where it is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Indications for Trabeculectomy
Trabeculectomy is generally recommended for patients whose glaucoma cannot be controlled with eye drops, pills, or laser treatments. It is particularly beneficial in cases of open-angle glaucoma, the most common form of the condition. This surgery may also be considered in patients with closed-angle glaucoma or in individuals who have developed glaucoma despite clear drainage angles, known as normal-tension glaucoma.
Benefits of Trabeculectomy
The primary benefit of trabeculectomy is its ability to reduce intraocular pressure significantly when less invasive treatments are insufficient. By lowering the pressure, trabeculectomy helps to prevent further optic nerve damage and subsequent loss of vision. Many patients who undergo this procedure achieve stable eye pressure, which can reduce or sometimes eliminate the need for glaucoma medications.
Risks and Complications
As with any surgical procedure, trabeculectomy carries potential risks and complications. Common concerns include infection, bleeding, and an over- or under-filtration of aqueous humor. In some cases, the newly created drainage channel may scar and close, reducing the effectiveness of the surgery. Long-term complications can include cataract formation and vision changes.
Postoperative Care and Follow-up
After trabeculectomy, close follow-up care with an ophthalmologist is critical to monitor the eye’s healing process and adjust treatment as necessary. Patients typically receive medications to prevent infection and manage inflammation. Regular check-ups are essential to ensure that the drainage channel remains open and functions correctly and to assess the intraocular pressure.
The immediate postoperative period may involve wearing an eye patch and avoiding strenuous activities or anything that could stress the eyes, such as bending or heavy lifting. Recovery time varies, but most patients can return to their normal activities within a few weeks with continued monitoring.
Considering Trabeculectomy as a Treatment Option
At ECVA, we understand the importance of informed decisions and personalized care. Our experienced team is here to support you if you’re seeking alternative glaucoma treatments or are overdue for an eye exam. Take the proactive step towards clearer vision and greater peace of mind – schedule an appointment at your nearest ECVA clinic today and let us guide you towards optimal eye health.
